# Applied Biodynamics — Issue 023 (Spring/Summer 1998)

**By JPI Admin** · 2025-12-31

Issue 023 joins terminology, farm observations, astronomical interpretation, livestock husbandry, composting, and cut-flower production while repeatedly asking what another grower would need to record to compare the work.

[**Download Issue 023 PDF**](https://go.jpibd.org/ab-023)

The lead notice explains why JPI renamed Barrel Compost as [Biodynamic Compound Preparation (BC)](https://go.jpibd.org/product-bc). Regulators could interpret a product called “compost” as a licensed bulk soil amendment, while BC is a concentrated manure-based carrier for the compost preparations that is stirred, diluted, and applied in small amounts. The notice says the materials and preparation method did not change.

In **“Parsley Revival,”** Doris Foster reports applying BC in warmed rainwater to three crowded parsley pots and applying [BD 500](https://go.jpibd.org/product-bd-500) the following evening. She observed a rapid change from faded to deeper green. Because all pots received the sequence and no comparison group was maintained, the report is an observation rather than a test of cause. A repeat could compare water only, BC only, BD 500 only, and the sequence while keeping soil, light, and watering consistent.

Stephen Storch’s **“Golf Greens Revival”** reports deeper turf roots after fall biodynamic treatment and reduced chemical inputs. A stronger field trial would randomize treated and standard-practice strips within the same greens and measure root depth, root mass, turf density, infiltration, disease, chemical use, weather, and winter survival at mapped sampling points.

Malcolm Ian Gardner’s **“When Is Venus Behind the Sun?”** revisits an unresolved timing question in Rudolf Steiner’s pest-peppering indication. Gardner compares heliocentric and geocentric models and presents an eight-year Venus pattern. The article is a historical and astronomical interpretation of the indication; it does not establish the biological efficacy of peppering. Any field evaluation should separate the timing hypothesis from treatment and control plots and record species counts over multiple seasons.

Alice Petty’s **“Farming on the Barter System”** describes livestock as part of a reciprocal farm relationship: manure and grazing support the land, while the farm supports cattle and people. The narrative includes direct observations of individual animals, soil recovery, herd behavior, and the limits of working safely with a bull.

In Kathryn Dagostino’s **“Interview with Mark Trela, Fragrant Farms,”** Trela describes a young specialty cut-flower farm using perennial and annual beds, large leaf and manure compost windrows, the compost preparations, BD 500, BD 501, and [BD 508](https://go.jpibd.org/product-bd-508). The interview records both enthusiasm and uncertainty, including questions about root establishment, flower color, vase life, weed barriers, labor, and how preparation use interacts with commercial postharvest handling.

## Articles

-   Parsley Revival (D. Foster) 
-   Golf Greens Revival (S. Storch) 
-   When Is Venus Behind the Sun? (M. I. Gardner) 
-   Farming on the Barter System (A. Petty) 
-   Interview with Mark Trela, Fragrant Farms (K. Dagostino) 

## Key Topics Covered

Regulatory terminology and the change from Barrel Compost to Biodynamic Compound Preparation (BC).

Parsley color and golf-green root observations with clear proposals for controls and measurements.

Venus cycles, historical peppering indications, and the distinction between astronomical interpretation and biological evidence.

Livestock relationships, manure, grazing, soil renewal, animal behavior, and farm safety.

Cut-flower composting, preparation use, root establishment, weed management, flower quality, and postharvest comparison.

## Repeatable Practice

1.  For parsley, pre-assign comparable pots to water, BC, BD 500, and sequence groups and photograph leaf color under fixed light.
2.  For turf, map treatment strips and sampling points before application and measure roots, soil, turf quality, disease, inputs, and weather.
3.  For peppering, document species material, ash preparation, astronomical criterion, dilution, application, and matched control plots over several years.
4.  For cut flowers, keep bed-level records for compost, preparations, irrigation, stem count, color, disease, vase life, labor, and sales.

## Explore Related Resources

[Biodynamic Compound Preparation](https://go.jpibd.org/product-bc) · [BC instructions](https://go.jpibd.org/instructions-bc) · [BD 500 Horn Manure](https://go.jpibd.org/product-bd-500) · [BD 508 Horsetail](https://go.jpibd.org/product-bd-508)

[Making and Using Biodynamic Preparations](https://go.jpibd.org/instructions-preparations)

## Citation

Source: _Applied Biodynamics_, Issue No. 23, Josephine Porter Institute for Applied Bio-Dynamics, Spring/Summer 1998.

**Tags:** Applied Biodynamics Archive, Barrel Compound, Livestock, Pests and Diseases

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> Source: [The Josephine Porter Institute](https://www.jpibiodynamics.org/blogs/applied-biodynamics/applied-biodynamics-issue-023-spring-summer-1998)